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Governments committed $12.7 billion to quantum technology in 2025 and venture investors $4.9 billion, against a $1.9 billion market. Spin-offs combine both kinds of money. Companies that listed in 2026 have yet to show a shorter path to profit.
The US, China, and the EU now use export controls, investment rules, equity stakes, and their own standards to secure quantum technology. The EU has also drafted procurement preferences. Because quantum companies buy abroad, governments keep exemptions for partners.
NIST, the NSA, Britain's NCSC, the EU, Canada, and Australia all ask organizations to start post-quantum migration now. None claims a code-breaking quantum computer exists or gives it a known date. Their deadlines do not depend on either claim.
The 160 surveyed companies named the countries where they buy, sell, and manufacture, but not what they buy or in what volumes. China, whose companies were not invited, ranked sixth as a supplier location.
Riverlane, NVIDIA, and several control-electronics makers now sell parts of the loop that turns error checks into corrections. Among the superconducting tests surveyed, loops using Riverlane's decoder have met a 10-microsecond budget, in small configurations only.
Rydberg-atom receivers sense radio waves with laser-probed atoms in a centimeter-scale glass cell and tune from about 100 kilohertz to terahertz frequencies. In published comparisons, conventional receivers still detect weaker signals in most bands.
Microwave atomic clocks keep GPS time, and Exail says more than 20 of its cold-atom gravimeters are deployed. Quantum navigation units, wearable brain scanners, and atom-based radio receivers are still being tested against the classical instruments they would replace.
Qblox and Riverlane timed the full round trip from error check to correction on commercial hardware at 6.886 to 11.886 microseconds. They emulated the qubit signals and connected no quantum processor.
G7 cybersecurity agencies addressed decision-makers rather than technical teams, set five priorities from raising awareness to writing PQC into cybersecurity requirements, and warned that organizations that delay could be excluded from contracting opportunities, including public procurement.
Researchers have published flaws in new post-quantum code since 2024. For long-term keys, a classical algorithm beside the new one limits the damage, at the cost of extra data, code, and a second migration. The NSA does not require hybrids.
