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From a Finnish refrigerator at IBM to physicists trained in Britain, France, and Australia, U.S. quantum computers draw on other countries. Many domestic substitutes are years from scale, so Washington needs allied supply as well as factories.
The 160 surveyed companies named the countries where they buy, sell, and manufacture, but not what they buy or in what volumes. China, whose companies were not invited, ranked sixth as a supplier location.
The code Infleqtion used is guaranteed to flag any single error but not to correct one, apart from the loss of an atom. A full paper with methods, resource counts, and statistics is still to come.
Microsoft and Qolab researchers would call a logical qubit scalable only if a machine sustains it with repeated error correction and decodes errors in real time. DOE plans to pay for logical qubits under counting methods negotiated with each company.
IonQ researchers ran a real-time decoder on 12 cores of an Apple M4 Max and measured decoding delays that lengthened simulated run times by 0.02% to 11.53%. They generated all error-check data in a noise simulation, without quantum hardware.
Rydberg-atom receivers sense radio waves with laser-probed atoms in a centimeter-scale glass cell and tune from about 100 kilohertz to terahertz frequencies. In published comparisons, conventional receivers still detect weaker signals in most bands.
NIST still supports buying and running FIPS 140-2 modules in existing systems. FedRAMP counted more than 500 modules in the FIPS 140-3 testing pipeline in July. At least seven validated FIPS 140-3 modules support post-quantum algorithms.
Weis wrote that Claude was used to port the classical CADO-NFS factoring software to GPUs and to orchestrate the run during idle time. He wrote that RSA-2048 keys are unaffected but RSA-1024 keys are vulnerable to large GPU fleets.
Companies that demonstrate a first-generation machine at an evaluation planned for September 2028 would split a $100 million pool. Only $2.5 million of the planned total is fiscal 2026 money.
Microwave atomic clocks keep GPS time, and Exail says more than 20 of its cold-atom gravimeters are deployed. Quantum navigation units, wearable brain scanners, and atom-based radio receivers are still being tested against the classical instruments they would replace.
