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The US, China, and the EU now use export controls, investment rules, equity stakes, and their own standards to secure quantum technology. The EU has also drafted procurement preferences. Because quantum companies buy abroad, governments keep exemptions for partners.
Security agencies in the US, UK, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, Australia, and Canada say QKD cannot replace public-key cryptography in government systems. Programs in the EU, Germany, Canada, China, Japan, Singapore, and India pay for QKD anyway.
QKD is provably secure only if its devices behave as modeled and its classical channel is already authenticated. NSA, the NCSC, and four European agencies allow it a niche role at most, citing implementation attacks, trusted relays, and cost.
The 160 surveyed companies named the countries where they buy, sell, and manufacture, but not what they buy or in what volumes. China, whose companies were not invited, ranked sixth as a supplier location.
Most first-day findings were bugs in submitted code, found with AI assistance. On day two, other researchers posted attacks on designs including Tins, Facto-DSA, MoFang, and Neulaser. None of the attacked designs has been standardized or deployed.
Rydberg-atom receivers sense radio waves with laser-probed atoms in a centimeter-scale glass cell and tune from about 100 kilohertz to terahertz frequencies. In published comparisons, conventional receivers still detect weaker signals in most bands.
The team measured how single photons move one step at a time, then multiplied those measurements into amplitudes for 1,419,857 paths. The authors wrote that more refined methods are needed to settle whether the paths are physically real.
A Guangxi University-led team measured infrared emission from the silicon attenuators that dim light on QKD transmitter chips. In worst-case simulations, the authors calculated that the leak could cut a standard link's secure range from about 320 to 19 kilometers.
Researchers have measured quantum illumination's advantage over classical radar only with targets about a meter away or inside a refrigerator. Chinese state media have reported 100-kilometer-class detection for a single-photon radar, a different technique, without test data.
Five physicists calculated that an Andreev qubit in a superposition should produce an oscillating supercurrent with no applied voltage. In simulations described in their preprint, they read one test state from that current with infidelities of 0.15% to 0.48%.
