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Researchers have measured quantum illumination's advantage over classical radar only with targets about a meter away or inside a refrigerator. Chinese state media have reported 100-kilometer-class detection for a single-photon radar, a different technique, without test data.
Researchers have published flaws in new post-quantum code since 2024. For long-term keys, a classical algorithm beside the new one limits the damage, at the cost of extra data, code, and a second migration. The NSA does not require hybrids.
Absolute promises, theorems without their conditions, quantum in a product's name, and post-quantum labels without an algorithm or certificate recur in security pitches. Each can be checked against a public standard, certificate, agency assessment, or proof.
Executive Order 14412 set December 2030 and December 2031 post-quantum deadlines for federal agencies, and NSA dates bind national security systems. Outside those systems, the measures reviewed here would date a company's duty through a FAR rule not yet proposed.
Regulators in five countries have acted or warned against products sold on the word "quantum." Generic claims about real technology get case-by-case scrutiny at most. Companies with real results face the same independent tests as everyone else.
A passive copy of encrypted traffic taken from a cable, radio link, or satellite beam leaves nothing on the victim's network. Tools marketed against harvest-now, decrypt-later attacks watch for exfiltration, anomalous traffic, or quantum-vulnerable encryption instead.
Buyers already pair control electronics and refrigerators from different suppliers and use open compiler formats. Calibration has a published specification only for pulse jobs. Module links have none. In those two layers, buyers still depend on one vendor.
Shannon proved in 1949 that perfect secrecy for arbitrary data needs a random key at least as long as the data, used once. A product sold as perfectly secret with a shorter or reused key fails that test.
In measurement-device-independent QKD, an untrusted relay makes every measurement, so the detector attacks demonstrated on commercial systems no longer work. Researchers have still taken full keys through a flawed transmitter. Users also give up key rate.
A quantum computer runs on clocks from nanoseconds to hours. IBM and Xanadu both drew their software layers along those clocks. A buyer still cannot swap one vendor's processor, controller or decoder for another's by recompiling.
