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Commerce holds stakes in five companies through its CHIPS quantum awards and releases award money as they meet milestones. DOE and DARPA pay for demonstrated or verified progress. The government is now an owner as well as a funder.
Most of the 53 peer-reviewed experiments ran as simulations or quantum-inspired programs on ordinary computers. Their authors tested 41 only on toy or reduced datasets. The reviewers found no explicit demonstration of a quantum advantage.
For D-Wave, Rigetti, and Quantinuum, Commerce makes 44% to 56% of each $100 million available at the start and releases the remainder as the companies meet project milestones over up to five years.
About 0.5% of gates ended in a detected erasure and at most 0.12% in an undetected error. The authors projected the error-correction advantage from simulations, assuming perfect erasure checks and leaving out measurement errors.
